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How to choose a horizontal lathe suitable for oneself?

The selection of a horizontal lathe suitable for oneself can be considered from the following aspects: I. Processing requirements 1. Size of processed parts - Determine the size parameters such as the maximum diameter, length, and weight of the parts to be processed. Different models of horizontal lathes have different processing ranges. Ensure that the selected lathe can accommodate and process your workpieces. For example, if you often process shaft parts with a large diameter, you need to choose a horizontal lathe with a large center height and a wide span of bed guideways to ensure sufficient space and stability for the workpiece during processing. - Consider the precision requirements for processing parts. If the processing precision requirements are high, such as a tolerance within a few microns, you need to choose a horizontal lathe with high precision and good rigidity. It may be necessary to equip it with a high-precision spindle, guideways, and feed system. 2. Types of processed parts - Analyze the main types of parts you process, whether they are shaft parts, disk parts, sleeve parts, or other complex-shaped parts. Different types of parts have different functional and configuration requirements for the lathe. For example, processing disk parts may require a larger turning diameter and a shorter bed, while processing shaft parts requires a longer bed and better straightness. - Consider the materials of processed parts. Different materials have different processing difficulties and requirements for cutting tools. For example, processing materials with high hardness requires a lathe with greater power and better rigidity, and it is necessary to select cutting tools and cutting parameters suitable for the material. II. Machine tool performance 1. Spindle performance - Spindle speed range: Determine the required spindle speed range according to processing technology requirements. If high-speed cutting is required, choose a horizontal lathe with a high spindle speed; if mainly rough machining or processing parts with a large diameter, a lower spindle speed but a larger torque may be required. - Spindle power and torque: Select the appropriate spindle power and torque according to the processing material and part size. The greater the power, the greater the hardness of the material and the size of the part that can be processed; the greater the torque, the greater the cutting force at low speeds and is suitable for rough machining. - Spindle precision: The precision of the spindle directly affects the precision of the processed parts. Check the precision indicators such as radial runout and axial runout of the spindle. Choosing a spindle with high precision can improve processing quality. 2. Feed system - Feed speed range: Different processing technologies require different feed speeds. High-speed cutting requires a faster feed speed, while precision cutting requires a slower feed speed. Ensure that the feed speed range of the selected lathe can meet your processing requirements. - Feed precision: Feed precision affects the dimensional precision and surface quality of processed parts. Check the positioning precision, repeat positioning precision and other indicators of the feed system. Choosing a feed system with high precision can improve processing quality. - Rapid movement speed: The rapid movement speed determines the efficiency of the machine tool in operations such as tool change and workpiece adjustment. Choosing a horizontal lathe with a fast rapid movement speed can improve production efficiency. 3. Guideways and bed - Guideway types: The guideways of horizontal lathes mainly include sliding guideways and rolling guideways. Sliding guideways have the advantages of large carrying capacity and good rigidity, but have a large friction coefficient and require regular maintenance; rolling guideways have a small friction coefficient and smooth movement, but relatively small carrying capacity. Select the appropriate guideway type according to your own processing requirements. - Bed structure: The structure and material of the bed have a great influence on the rigidity and stability of the machine tool. Choosing a bed with a reasonable structure and high material strength can improve the processing precision and stability of the machine tool. For example, a cast bed usually has better rigidity and stability than a welded bed.